The Finance Act 2012 introduced the concept of Advance Pricing Agreement (APA) with Section 92CC and Section 92CD. APA is an agreement between an assessee and the tax authority determining the arm’s length price and manner of its calculation for international transactions. Various countries like the US, Canada, Australia, China, and India adopted APA in 2012 to attract foreign investments.
Section 92CD of the Income Tax Act stipulates when you must file modified returns after entering such agreements. Read along to know the details of this Section.
While Section 92CC deals with all conditions of setting up an APA, Section 92CD sets up requirements for filing modified Income Tax Returns (ITR). Any person entering into an APA needs to file a modified ITR within three months from the end of the month of an agreement. This modified return has to reflect the modification of your taxable income with respect to signing an APA.
This Section applies to any taxpayer who has furnished ITR under Section 139 before the date of such an agreement. These modified returns will serve the same purpose as one filed u/s 139. Section 92CD also provides the mechanism of filing modified returns and completing its assessments by your Assessing Officer (AO).
An advance pricing agreement is made between any taxpayer and CBDT (Central Board of Direct Taxes) to determine its arm’s length price (ALP). Its purpose is to provide tax certainty for multinational enterprises (MNEs), solve transaction disputes and increase tax revenue in the country.
APA specifies the ALP or how to determine it for international transactions entered into by any taxpayer. One can determine the ALP through one of the methods provided by Section 92C(1) of the IT Act following necessary adjustments. Advance pricing agreements have a maximum validity of five years for specific transactions with a rollback option for four years.
The provisions of Section 92 to Section 92F aim to provide a statutory framework for computing fair, reasonable profits and taxes in India. Their purpose is to prevent the erosion of profits by MNCs from the country. Section 92CC authorises the CBDT to enter into an APA with any person. Section 92CD of the Income Tax Act provides the mechanism for filing modified returns after entering into an APA.
Also read: Income Tax Calendar: Due Dates and TDS for AY 2022-23
Here are the various sub-sections of Section 92CD:
The second part of this subsection states that the period of limitation under Section 144C, Section 153 and Section 153B would be extended by 12 months.
Section 92CD of the Income Tax Act states the conditions for filing a modified return of income and the mechanisms for it. It also states how an Assessing Officer should deal with assessment/reassessment with regards to APA.
Ans: Arm’s length price is a concept that makes sure that all parties in a transaction act in their self-interest. Under the Companies Act 2013, two related parties should conduct arm’s length transactions in such a way as if they were unrelated. For international transactions, expenses, allowances, and interests are valued as per the arm’s length price.
Section 92F stipulates two conditions for the price applied for two unrelated persons in uncontrolled situations. These are as follows:
a) Persons involved in a transaction should be unrelated and not associated with each other.
b) For calculating arm’s length price, parties cannot control, mould or suppress the conditions to get pre-determined results
Ans: An advance pricing agreement covers the following:
a) Determining ALP or the manner of its determination
b) International transactions covered by APA
c) Definition of all relevant terms
d) Transfer pricing methodology
e) Critical assumption
Ans: There is no statutory obligation for taxpayers to disclose all inter-company/related party transactions though it is a good idea. The need to apply for an APA rests on the decision of the taxpayer. Thus, APA proposals are independent and binding only on the person who has entered into one. Section 92CC of the Income Tax Act decides the structure of APAs in India. APAs are valid for a maximum period of 5 years with an option for renewal.
Disclaimer: Mutual Fund investments are subject to market risks, read all scheme-related documents carefully.
This article has been prepared on the basis of internal data, publicly available information and other sources believed to be reliable. The information contained in this article is for general purposes only and not a complete disclosure of every material fact. It should not be construed as investment advice to any party. The article does not warrant the completeness or accuracy of the information, and disclaims all liabilities, losses and damages arising out of the use of this information. Readers shall be fully liable/responsible for any decision taken on the basis of this article.
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